Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as an Aqueous Plant-Based Extract Fertilizer in Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Sustainable Agriculture

Plant-based fertilizers, such as liquid plant extracts, contribute to the cultivation of vegetables, particularly in organic production. The objective this study was determine if aqueous nettle extract could be successfully used a fertilizer, applied on soil and foliarly, green bean production under field conditions. hypothesis that it replace mineral fertilizers integrated into sustainable agriculture. experiment conducted at two climatically pedologically different locations (Zadar Pore?) throughout growing seasons (spring autumn). Two types extracts were used: short-term (SE) prepared by extraction wild stinging (183 g 10 L?1 water) water for 24 h, while long-term (LE) same ratio with 14 days. Both diluted 1:3 (extract:water) before use. SE LE, pouring onto soil. abovementioned treatments compared fertilization urea (U) control (no (C)). Foliar proved almost efficient poured soil, showing positive effect vegetative parameters. Furthermore, showed iron accumulation leaves.